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Walter Charles Hagen (December 21, 1892 – October 6, 1969) was an American professional golfer and a major figure in golf in the first half of the 20th century. His tally of 11 professional majors is third behind Jack Nicklaus (18) and Tiger Woods (15). Known as the "father of professional golf," he brought publicity, prestige, big prize money, and lucrative endorsements to the sport.Murry R. Nelson, ed., Encyclopedia of Sports in America: A History from Foot Races to Extreme Sports (2009) 1:179–180. Hagen is rated one of the greatest golfers ever.
Hagen won the U.S. Open twice, and in 1922 he became the first native-born American to win The Open Championship, and won the Claret Jug three more times. He also won the PGA Championship a record-tying five times (all in match play), and the Western Open five times when it had near-major championship status. Hagen totaled 44 PGA wins in his career, and was a six-time Ryder Cup captain.
Hagen developed his golf game at the Country Club of Rochester, beginning as a caddie, and earned money to help support his family from pre-teen age. He earned ten cents per round and was occasionally tipped another five cents. Hagen played golf at every chance he got; caddie access to the course was limited to off-peak times, as it was elsewhere in the U.S. during that era. Hagen, with assistance from head professional Alfred Ricketts, gradually improved his golf skill to the stage where he was an expert player by his mid-teens, and was then hired by the club to give lessons to club members and to work in the pro shop.
Hagen was also very skilled at baseball, primarily as a pitcher and shortstop. He canceled a 1914 tryout for the Philadelphia Phillies in order to play in a golf tournament. Later that week, Hagen was the U.S. Open Champion, and his career was changed forever. Golf's Golden Grind: A History of the PGA Tour, by Al Barkow, 1975; The Greatest Game Ever Played, by Mark Frost, 2003
Hagen was a key figure in the development of professional golf. He emerged in an era when the division between amateurs and professionals was often stark, with the amateurs having the upper hand in some sports, golf among them. This was especially true in Great Britain, the leading country in competitive golf when Hagen began his career.
Golf professionals were not allowed to partake of the facilities of the clubhouse, and were not allowed to enter the clubhouse by the front door. On one occasion, at the 1920 Open in Deal, Kent, Hagen hired a Pierce-Arrow car to serve as his private dressing room, because he was refused entrance to the clubhouse dressing room. He hired a chauffeur, and parked the expensive car in the club's driveway; this behavior raised a few eyebrows in class-conscious Britain.
On another occasion, he refused to enter a clubhouse to claim his prize because he had earlier been denied entrance. At the 1914 Midlothian Open he brazenly entered the clubhouse then mingled with the rich members who were delighted at which that episode permanently opened the doors.Nelson, p 180.
The 1920 U.S. Open in Toledo marked a turning point; the players, encouraged by Hagen, donated a large grandfather clock to the host Inverness Club, in appreciation of the club allowing access for the professionals to their clubhouse during the tournament.
Hagen represented the Country Club of Rochester early in his professional competitive career; he was well supported by its members and management for his external competitive ventures. Beginning in 1918, Walter Hagen served as the first club professional at the now legendary Oakland Hills Country Club, in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, northwest of Detroit. He worked for Oakland Hills until 1919, and then became the first touring professional unaffiliated with a club, a status he held alone for several years.
In 1924, Hagen was president and co-owner of the Bear Creek Golf and Country Club associated with Jack Taylor's Pasadena-On-The-Gulf development in St. Petersburg, Florida. Due to influence from the public, the name was changed to the Boca Ciega Golf and Country Club and ultimately the Pasadena Yacht and Country Club. in 1922]] Hagen was a dashing and assertive character who raised the status of professional golfers and improved their earnings as well. Throughout his career, he played hundreds of exhibition matches, all across the United States and around the world; these tours popularized golf to an immense degree. Hagen was also widely known for his dashing wardrobe while playing; this featured expensive tailored clothes in bright colors and plush fabrics. As one of the world's top players, Hagen found his skills were much in demand with this exhibition format, and concluded it was much more lucrative than playing most tournaments.
Hagen also made significant money endorsing golf equipment, and played a major role in helping to design clubs for Wilson Sports, which bore his name (either "Walter Hagen" or "Haig Ultra"). His work with Wilson produced some of the first matched sets of irons, around the same time that his great rival Bobby Jones was performing similar work for the Spalding company. The improved equipment expanded golf's appeal, brought high-quality clubs within the price range of many more players, and raised the standard of play.
Hagen was the first golfer to earn a million dollars in his career.Houck, 1999 He said he "never wanted to be a millionaire, just to live like one". Hagen once expressed his creed in these words: "Don't hurry, don't worry, you're only here for a short visit, so be sure to smell the flowers along the way." Gene Sarazen, who was ten years Hagen's junior commented, "All the professionals ... should say a silent thanks to Walter Hagen each time they stretch a check between their fingers. It was Walter who made professional golf what it is." On the notion of golf as a financial endeavor, Hagen wrote in his autobiography, "My game was my business and as a business it demanded constant playing in the championship bracket, for a current title was my selling commodity." The Gigantic Book of Golf Quotations, ed. Jim Apfelbaum. 2007.
Hagen died in 1969 at age 76 at his home in Traverse City, and now rests at the Holy Sepulchre Mausoleum in Southfield, Michigan, next to his grandson. His pall bearers included Palmer.
There is some debate among golf historians as to whether Hagen should actually be credited with more major championships, as the Western Open in particular, and both the Canadian Open and Metropolitan Open were considered majors prior to the foundation and recognition of the Masters Tournament as one. Counting the Western Open, which he won five times (1916, 1921, 1926, 1927, and 1932), would put Hagen at 16 major titles, second only to Jack Nicklaus and one ahead of Tiger Woods (however, counting the U.S. Amateur, which is no longer considered a major championship, Woods' three U.S. Amateurs titles give him a total of 18, two behind Nicklaus's 20.).
Hagen captained the United States in the first six , and played on the first five U.S. teams: 1927, 1929, 1931, 1933, and 1935.
Hagen has been portrayed by Bruce McGill in the 2001 movie The Legend of Bagger Vance, and by British actor Jeremy Northam in the 2004 Bobby Jones biopic .
Major championships are shown in bold.
NYF = tournament not yet founded
Source for The Masters: www.masters.com
Source for U.S. Open: USGA Championship Database
Source for The Open Championship: www.opengolf.com
Source for PGA Championship: PGA Championship Media Guide
Awards and honors
Legacy
victories:
Professional wins (58)
PGA Tour wins (44)
Other wins (14)
(This list is incomplete)
Major championships
Wins (11)
Note: The PGA Championship was match play until 1958 Chick Evans Mike Brady Jim Barnes Jim Barnes Ernest Whitcombe Jim Barnes Bill Mehlhorn Leo Diegel Joe Turnesa Gene Sarazen Johnny Farrell
1 Defeated Mike Brady in an 18-hole playoff – Hagen 77 (+6), Brady 78 (+7)
Results timeline
U.S. Open T4 1 T10 7 NT NT 1 The Open Championship NT NT NT NT NT PGA Championship NYF NYF NYF SF NT NT U.S. Open 11 T2 5 T18 T4 T5 7 6 T4 T19 The Open Championship T53 T6 1 2 1 T3 1 1 PGA Championship 1 2 1 1 1 1 QF SF Masters Tournament NYF NYF NYF NYF T13 T15 T11 T33 U.S. Open T17 T7 10 T4 T58 3 T33 The Open Championship T22 T26 PGA Championship DNQ R32 R32 R32 R64 DNQ R64 Masters Tournament WD WD U.S. Open DQ The Open Championship NT NT NT PGA Championship R16 DNQ
NT = no tournament
WD = withdrew
DQ = disqualified
DNQ = did not qualify for match play portion
R64, R32, R16, QF, SF = round in which player lost in PGA Championship match play
"T" indicates a tie for a place
Summary
4 22 10 15
See also
Further reading
(2004). 9781587261312, Sports Media Group. ISBN 9781587261312
External links
Categories: American Male Golfers, Pga Tour Golfers, Winners Of Men's Major Golf Championships, Ryder Cup Competitors For The United States, World Golf Hall Of Fame Inductees, Golfers From Michigan, Golfers From Rochester, New York, Sportspeople From Traverse City, Michigan, American People Of German Descent, 1892 Births, 1969 Deaths, 20th-century American People
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